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4 Projection

4.1 Statement of the Problem

4.1.1 Tasks of the SCADA system

In the present days, when constructing the automated process control systems of the technological processes (ACS TP) the user interface with the control system are implemented using computer systems. This approach is due to several reasons: the compactness (in the physical and energetic sense) of modern computer technics, maturity of the methods of presentation the information, great functionality and variability of control systems.


The application of computer technology in the "ACS TP" in general, and in the workplaces of the operators in particular, has led to the origin of class of software (SW), known as SCADA (Supervisory control and data acquisition) and HMI (Human Machine Interface).


Thus, the key purpose of SCADA and HMI is to provide the interface between the operator and control system of the TP. Often, SCADA and HMI also implements the following tasks: the formation of alarm about the violation in TP, making the parameters' archives of TP and protocols of events.


Therefore, SCADA and HMI software can be regarded as a set of subsystems: the database of the parameters of TP and connections with the control systems of TP (controllers), the formation of alarms about the violations of TP, archiving, logging, visualization of the operational and archival data.


In addition to the above problems it can be included the separation of access rights for read-modify those or other parameters of TP, implemented in the security subsystem.


Thus modern SCADA and HMI systems are fairly complex software systems.


The subject of this subproject is to develop the concept of visualization and control are (VCA) and implementations of VCA's on the basic ways of representation for SCADA system OpenSCADA.


Visualization means the next set of tasks:


VCA must operate in two modes - editing (development) and execution. The first phase is planned to implement the development mode only for the Qt-version of the VCA!


In the operation process the VCA must use data from other subsystems:


An image on the screen should be formed from the limited set of basic widgets (primitives). Presentation and interface of the basic widgets for each VCA should be done separately. This is done to optimize performance and simplify the task of creating the library of basic widgets. With the purpose of compatibility between different implementations of the VCA is planned the creation of the general description of the library of basic widgets (data model) with the subsequent implementation of its interface in each VCA.


Basic widgets are to be grouped and form derivatives of widgets, with the further accumulation of them in the user's widget library/frame.

4.1.2 Tasks of monitoring system

Given the purpose of the OpenSCADA system, as a system for monitoring data in many related fields, it is necessary to formulate the tasks for such systems in general.


In the monitoring systems, as a rule, there is no control possibility, but the interactive elements must be present.


The primary objective of such systems is the continuous provision of information in an accessible form and on the background of the basic work.

4.2 Formalization

Lets conceptually describe the VCA model using the UML with use case diagram.


As an actor, in the development mode, acts the engineer of the top-level of "ACS TP" setting, in the execution mode — the operator.


In development mode lets select the following options of using the VCA:


Use case diagram for operation of the VCA in development mode is shown in Fig. 4.2.1.


(67 Êá)
Fig.4.2.1 Use case diagram of the VCA in development mode.

Using variants in the execution mode:


Using diagram of the VCA in the execution mode is shown in Fig.4.2.2.


(17 Êá)
Fig.4.2.2 Using diagram of the VCA in the execution mode.


Any VCA can operate in two modes — the development and running. In the development mode the VCA interface and its components are formed, the mechanisms of interaction are identified. While the running it is carried out the formation of VCA interface based on the developed VCA with the final user interaction is made.


VCA interface is formed of the frames, each of which, in its turn, formed from elements of the primitives, or user interface elements. In doing so, the user interface elements are also formed from the primitives or other user elements. That gives us a hierarchy and reuse of already developed components.


Frames and user elements are placed in the libraries of widgets. The projects of the interfaces of the final visualization of the VCA are formed from these libraries' elements. Based on these projects the visualization sessions are formed.


The structure of VCA is shown in Fig. 3.


Generalized structure of the VCA. (214 Êá)
Fig.3 Generalized structure of the VCA.

This architecture of the VCA allows the support of three levels of complexity of the developing process of the management interface:

4.3 Frames and elements of visualization (widgets)

Frame is the window which directly provides information to the user in a graphical or text form. The group of interconnected frames creates whole user interface of VC.


Contents of the frame is forming from the elements of visualization (widgets). Widgets may be the basic primitives (different elementary shapes, text, trend, etc.) and derivatives (formed from the basic or other derivatives of widgets). All the widgets are grouped into the libraries. In the process, you can build your own library of derivative widgets.


Actually the frame is also a widget that is used as a final element of visualization. This means that the widget libraries can store the blanks of frames and the templates of the resulting pages of the user interface.


Frames and widgets are passive elements that do not normally contain links to the dynamics and other frames, but only provide information about the properties of the widget and the nature of the dynamics (configuration), connected to the properties of the frame. Activated frames, ie containing links to the dynamics and active connections, form the user interface and are stored in the projects. In some cases, it is possible the direct appointment of the dynamics in the blanks of frames.


Derivative frames/widgets can contain other widgets (attached), which can be glued (associated) with the logic of one another by one of the languages of programming available in the OpenSCADA system.


Diagram: Example of the structure of the derived widget. (204 Êá)

The widget is an element, by means of which it is provided:


Tuning and linkage of the widgets is done through their properties. Parent widget and the widgets it contains, can be complemented by user properties. Then the user and static attributes are associated with the properties of embedded widget by internal logic. To show the dynamics (ie, current and archived data), properties of widgets are dynamized, that is linked with the attributes of the parameters of OpenSCADA or properties of other widgets. Using to link of the nested widgets by means of the internal logic with the available programming language of the OpenSCADA system eliminates the question of the implementation of complex logic of visualization, thus providing high flexibility. Practically, you can create fully dynamized frames with complex interactions at the level of the user.

4.4 Project

Direct configuration and properties of the final visualization interface are contained in the project of the visualization interface of the VCA, which may be created lot ones.


Each project includes pages from the libraries of the frames/widgets. In some modes the page allowed to include into nested pages as independent from the parent and in using the parent as template. The template's page-widget allows to extremely simplify the process of creating the same type of the frames by the ACS-TP engineer or by the user of OpenSCADA for easy monitoring. An example of such one-type frames may be: groups of contours, groups of graphs, reports and various tables. Mnemonic schemes of technological processes rarely come under this scheme and will be formed directly in the description of the frame.


Page like to a widget on which it is based provides a possibility for bind the dynamics to described into properties, which links at all can be set to dynamic or resolved as constants. Besides, links to the dynamics on the project's page level is preferable to the widget of libraries level.


Example of hierarchical representations of components of the project of the classical interface of VC of the technological process with the description of standard call expressions is given in Figure.


Hierarchical view of components of the project of classical interface of VC of the technological process. (40 Êá)

Reserved next the special properties of pages:


Based on these properties combinations the following types of pages are realized:


On the side of the visualization (RunTime), on the following attributes of the basic element "Box", there is the logic regulating how to open the pages:


The logic of the method of the opening the pages works in the following way:

4.5 Session of the project execution

The project's session is expanded tree of the project for direct it execution, which includes an individual task of hierarchical the widget's procedures execution. For each project can be opened many sessions. The end-user visual interface forming performs by the visualizers from data of the project's session, after the session creation by the request.


Between widgets at the different levels of hierarchy complex inheritance relations are arranged, which are defined by the possibility of using some widgets by other ones, beginning with the library widget, and finishing with the widget to the session. To clarify these features of the interaction in Figure comprehensive map of "uses" inheritance is shown.


Map of «uses» inheritance of the the components of conception/engine (183 Êá)

At the session level widget contains a object of values of calculation procedure. This object is initiated and used in the case of presence of the calculation procedure. At the time of the initialization the list of parameters of the procedure is created and a compilation of procedure is performed with these parameters in the module, implementing the selected programming language and encoded with the full name of the widget. A compiled function is connected to the object of values of the calculation procedure. Further the calculation is performed with the frequency of the session.


Calculation and processing of the widget on the whole runs in the following sequence:


The objects of the session of the project inherit from an abstract object "Widget" and use the appropriate objects of the project. Thus, the session ("Session") uses the project ("Project") and forms expand tree on its basis. Project page "Page" is directly used by the session page "SessPage". The remaining objects ("SessWdg") are deployed in accordance with the hierarchy of page elements (Fig.3.1.2).


In addition to the standard properties of an abstract widget ("Widget") elements of the pages of session themselves get the following properties: storage of the object of values of computational procedure, calculation of the procedures and mechanism for processing of the events. Pages of the session, in addition, contain a container of the following by the hierarchy pages. The session generally is computed with the frequency and in the consistency:


This policy allows you to circumvention the pages in accordance with the hierarchy, and to rise on the top during the one iteration for the widget events.


Sessions at the level of the control interface of OpenSCADA supports multi-language depended from values of the generic attributes "lang" and next "user" and which visualizer can set in proper way of self language. This function enabled for dynamic messages translation of OpenSCADA.

4.6 Styles

It knows that people can have individual characteristics in the perception of graphical information. If these features are not taken into account, it is possible to obtain the rejection and abruption of the user to the interface of VC. This rejection and abruption can lead to fatal errors in the management of TP, as well as traumatize the human by the continuous work with the interface. In SCADA systems the agreements are adopted, which regulate the requirements for creating a unified interface of VC normally perceived by most people. This is practically eliminates the features of people with some deviations.


In order to take this into account and allow centralized and easy to change the visual properties of the interface module is implementing a theme manager of the visualization interface.


User can create many themes, each of which will keep the color, font and other properties of the elements of the frame. Simple changing of the theme will allow you to change the interface of VC, and the possibility of appointing an individual theme in the user's profile allows to take into account his individual characteristics.


To realize this opportunity, when you create a frame, it is necessary for the properties of color, font and others set the "Config" (of the table in the "Process" tab) in the value of "From style". And in the parameter "Config template" to specify the identifier of the style field. Further, this field will automatically appear in the Style Manager and will be there to change. Style Manager is available on the project configuration page in the tab "Styles". On this tab you can create new styles, delete old ones, change the field of the style and delete unnecessary.


"Styles" tab of the configuration page of the project. (85 Êá)
Figure. "Styles" tab of the configuration page of the project.

In general the styles are available from the project level. At the level of libraries of widgets you can only define styles fields of widgets. At the project level, at the choice of style, it is started the work with styles, which includes access to the fields of styles instead of direct attribute values. In fact, this means that when reading or writing a widget attribute these operations will be carried out with the corresponding field of the chosen style.


When you run the project execution it will be used the set in the project style. Subsequently, the user can select a style from the list of available ones. The user's style will be saved and used next time you run the project.

4.7 Events, their processing and the events' maps

Given the range of tasks for which the OpenSCADA system may be used, it is necessary to provide a tool for management of interactive user events. This is due to the fact that in dealing with individual tasks of embedded systems, input and control devices can greatly vary. But it is enough to look at the regular office keyboard and notebook one, that would remove any doubt about the necessity for the manager of events.


The events manager must work using the maps of events. Map of the events — is the list of named events, indicating their origin. The origin of the events can be a keyboard, mouse, paddle, joystick, etc. At an event emerge the events manager is looking for it in the active map and compares with the name of the event. A comparison name of the event is placed in the queue for processing. Widgets in this case must process the given queue of events.


The active map of events is specified in the profile of each user or it is set by default (in planes).


In general, four types of events are provided:


Event itself represents deficiently information, especially if its processing occurs at higher level. For the unequivocal identification of the event and its source in the whole the event is recorded as follows: "ws_BtPress:/curtime". Where:

ws_BtPress — same event;
/curtime — the path to the child element that has generated the event.

Table 3.5 provides a list of standard events, the support of which should be provided in visualizers of VCA.


Table 3.5. Standard events

Id Description
Keyboard events: key_[pres|rels][Ctrl|Alt|Shift]{Key}
*SC#3b Scan-code of the key.
*#2cd5 Code of the unnamed key.
*Esc "Esc".
*BackSpace Removing of the previous character — "<--".
*Return, *Enter Enter — "Enter".
*Insert Insertion — "Insert".
*Delete Deleting — "Delete".
*Pause Pause — "Pause".
*Print Print of the screen — "Print Screen".
*Home Home — "Home".
*End End — "End".
*Left Left — "<-".
*Up Up — '^'.
*Right Right — "->".
*Down Down — '\/'.
*PageUp Page up — "PageUp".
*PageDown Page down — "PageDown".
*F1 ... *F35 Function key from "F1" to "F35".
*Space Space — ' '.
*Apostrophe Apostrophe — '`'.
*Asterisk Asterisk on an additional field of the keyboard — '*'.
*Plus Plus on an additional field of the keyboard — '+'.
*Comma Comma — ','.
*Minus Minus — '-'.
*Period Period — '.'.
*Slash Slash — '\'.
*0 ... *9 Number from '0' to '9'.
*Semicolon Semicolon — ';'.
*Equal Equal — '='.
*A ... *Z Keys of Latin alphabet from 'A' to 'Z'.
*BracketLeft Left square bracket - '['.
*BackSlash Backslash — '/'.
*BracketRight Right square bracket — ']'.
*QuoteLeft Left quote — '''.
Keyboard focus events.
ws_FocusIn Focus is obtained by a widget.
ws_FocusOut Focus is lost by a widget.
Mouse events:
key_mouse[Pres|Rels][Left|Right|Midle] Pressed/released the mouse button.
key_mouseDblClick Double-click the left mouse button.
Events of quittance on the side of the visualizer.
ws_alarmLev Quittance of all violations by all notices methods and types.
ws_alarmNtf{N} Quittance of all violations by the type {N} (0...7).
Events of the primitive of elemental figure ElFigure:
ws_Fig[Left|Right|Midle|DblClick] Activating of the figures (fills) by the mouse button.
ws_Fig{N}[Left|Right|Midle|DblClick] Activating of the figure (fill) N by the mouse button.
Events of the primitive of form elements FormEl:
ws_LnAccept A new value in the input line is set.
ws_TxtAccept The value of the text editor is changed.
ws_ChkChange The state of the flag is changed.
ws_BtPress The button is pressed.
ws_BtRelease The button is released.
ws_BtToggleChange The button toggle is changed.
ws_BtMenu={Item} Selection of the menu Item.
ws_BtLoad The selected file loaded.
ws_CombChange The value of the combo box is changed.
ws_ListChange The current list item is changed.
ws_TreeChange The current tree item is changed.
ws_TableChangeSel The table's item selection changed.
ws_TableEdit_{colN}_{rowN} The table's cell ({colN}:{rowN}) edited.
ws_SliderChange The slider position changed.
Events of the primitive of media content Media:
ws_MapAct{N}[Left|Right|Midle] Media area with the number N is activated by the mouse button.
ws_MediaFinished Media-stream play is finished.

Events are the main mechanism of notification and is actively used for user interaction. For the event processing there are two mechanisms:


The mechanism "Scripts for the control the opening of pages" based on the basic attribute of the widget "evProc", which can be used for switching, opening, substitution and navigation through the pages. The scenario of this attribute is stored as a list of commands with the syntax: "{event}:{evSrc}:{com}:{prm}". Where:


The following commands are implemented:


Special characters of the template are deciphered as follows:


To more and true the mechanism of the templates understanding lets cite some real examples:


As an example lets cite the scenario of operation of the main page of the user interface:

ws_BtPress:/prev:prev:/pg_so/*/*/$
ws_BtPress:/next:next:/pg_so/*/*/$
ws_BtPress:/go_mn:open:/pg_so/*/mn/*
ws_BtPress:/go_graph:open:/pg_so/*/ggraph/*
ws_BtPress:/go_cadr:open:/pg_so/*/gcadr/*
ws_BtPress:/go_view:open:/pg_so/*/gview/*
ws_BtPress:/go_doc:open:/pg_so/*/doc/*
ws_BtPress:/go_resg:open:/pg_so/rg/rg/*
ws_BtPress:/so1:open:/pg_so/1/*/*
ws_BtPress:/so2:open:/pg_so/2/*/*
ws_BtPress:/so3:open:/pg_so/3/*/*
ws_BtPress:/so4:open:/pg_so/4/*/*
ws_BtPress:/so5:open:/pg_so/5/*/*
ws_BtPress:/so6:open:/pg_so/6/*/*
ws_BtPress:/so7:open:/pg_so/7/*/*
ws_BtPress:/so8:open:/pg_so/8/*/*
ws_BtPress:/so9:open:/pg_so/9/*/*
ws_BtPress:*:open:/pg_control/pg_terminator


The mechanism "Processing the events with the help of computational procedure of the widget" is based on the attribute "event" and the user procedure of calculating written with the help of the programming language of OpenSCADA. The events, in process of receipt, are accumulated in the attribute "event" till the moment of call of the computational procedure. The computational procedure is called with the specified frequency of calculating the widget and receives a value for the attribute "event" as the list of events. In the calculation procedure the user can: analyze, process and delete the processed events from the list, and add to the list new events. The remaining, after the procedure execution, and new events are analyzed for compliance with the conditions of the call by means of script of the primary mechanism, after which the remaining events are transmitted to the upper by the hierarchy widget to be processed by it, with the correction of the path of events in accordance with the hierarchy of the penetration of the event.


The content of the attribute "event" is a list of events in the format "{event}:{evSrc}", with the event on the separate line. Here is an example of processing events in the Java-like programming language of the OpenSCADA:

4.8 Signaling (Alarms)

An important element of any visualization interface is the user notification about the violation — alarming. To simplify the perception, but also in mind the close connectivity of visualization and notification (typically notification is amplified with the visualization) it is decided to integrate the interface of a notification in the visualization interface. To do this, all the widget provides two additional attributes (of the session level): "alarm" and "alarmSt". Attribute "alarm" is used to form the signal by the widget, according to his logic, and attribute "alarmSt" is used to control the signaling fact of the branch of the tree of the session of the project.


Attribute "alarm" is a line and has the following format: "{lev}|{categ}|{message}|{type}|{tp_arg}"
Where:


Attribute "alarmSt" is an integer number that represents the maximum alarm level and the fact of the quittance of the branch of the tree of the session of the project. Format of the number is as follows:


Alarm formation and receipt of it by the visualizer.
The alarm formation is performed by the widget by setting its own attribute "alarm" in appropriate way and in accordance with it the attribute "alarmSt" of current and the parent widget is set. Visualizers receive notification of the alarm using a standard mechanism for notifications of the changes of attributes of widgets.


Taking into account that the processing of conditions of the signaling is made in the widgets, the pages containing the objects of signaling should be performed in the background, regardless of their openness to the moment. This is done by setting a flag of the background execution of the page.


Although the mechanism of signaling is built in the visualization area the possibility of formation of visual signaling elements remains, for example by creating the page that will never be opened.


Quittance
Quittance is process of accepting the violation(s) to mind, disabling the notification and action to remove the violation(s). In the display of user's interface the quittance assume only the notification disable.


Quittance performs by specifying the root of the branch of the widgets and the types of notification. This allows to make quittance on the side of visualizer both as by groups, for example by the signaling objects as well as individually by the objects. It is possible to independently quittance different types of alarms. Setting of the quittance is made by the simple modification of the attribute "alarmSt".


Example of the script to work with the signals gives below:


External notification methods
A first and a typical method of notifications is display's light notification by alarm colors and its dynamic about proper visual elements, which always presents and does not require of specific configuration. But often we need for an external type notification, for example: external lamp, PC buzzer or "howler", arbitrary sound, synthesized speech and etc.


For the possibility of implements the external notification methods and the accorded notification types are free described for the visualization server and same visualizers. On the visualization server side describes for forming/getting the notification resource and same notification. On the visualizers side describes a notification by the resources from the visualization server.


The external notifications describes on main page by attributes of text type:


Description of rules and scenarios of notifications performs with user attributes of text type for pages of the visualization project, which applies at the page open. That is potentially for each opening page there possible describe self rules of notifications but typically here enough to describe a generic rules of notification on the main project's page, which open once and doesn't close in work:



Flags:


The exchanging variables:


The examples and comments to work of typical notification methods:

4.9 Rights management

For the separation of access to the interface of VC and its components every widget contains information about the owner, about its group and access rights. Access rights are recorded as is the convention in the OpenSCADA system, in the form of a triad: "{user}{groups}{rest}" where each element consists of three attributes of access. Groups list writes through symbol ','. For the elements of the VCA the following interpretation is taken:


In the development mode a simple scheme of access "root.UI:RWRWR_" is used, which means — all users can open and view the libraries, their components and projects, and all users of group "UI" user interfaces) can edit.


In the running mode the right described in the components of interface work, which provide possibility for inheritance the owner and the permissions from top to bottom. Wherein by default the inheritance enabled for each widget, then they get the owner and the permissions of the project. Into that time, the permissions direct setting will propagate they to all components of the widget.

4.10 Linkage with the dynamics

To provide relevant data in the visualization interface the data of subsystems "Data acquisition (DAQ)" must be used. The nature of these data as follows:

  1. parameters that contain some number of attributes;
  2. attributes of the parameter can provide information of five types: Boolean, Integer, Real, String and Object;
  3. attributes of the parameter can have their history (archive);
  4. attributes of the parameter can be set to read, write, and with full access.

Considering the first list item it is necessary to allow the possibility of the group of destination links. To do this we use the conception of of the logic level.


In accordance with the list item 2, the links provide transparent conversion of connection types and do not require special configuration here.


To satisfy the opportunities for access to archives, in accordance with the list item 3, links make check of the type of the attribute, and in the case of connection to the "Address", the address of linkage is put into the value.


In terms of the VCA, the dynamic links and configuration of the dynamics are the one process, to describe a configuration of which the tab "Processing" of the widgets is provided. The tab contains a table of configuration of the properties of the attributes of the widget and the text of calculation procedure of the widget.


The tab "Processing" of the configuration page of the widget. (131 Êá)
Figure. The tab "Processing" of the configuration page of the widget.

In addition to configuration fields of the attributes the column "Processing" in the table provides, for selective using of the attributes of the widgets in the computational procedure of the widget, and the columns "Configuration", "Configuration template", to describe the configuration of links.


The column "Configuration" allows you to specify the linkage type for the attribute of the widget:


The column "Configuration template" makes it possible to describe the groups of dynamic attributes. For example, it may be different types of parameters of subsystem "DAQ" and other widgets of the interface. Furthermore, in the case of correct formation of this field, the mechanism of automatically assign of the attributes with the only indication of the parameter of subsystem "DAQ" or the widget is working, which simplifies and accelerates the configuration process. The value of this column has the following format:


Installation of the links may be of several types, which are determined by the prefix:


Processing of the links occurs at a frequency of calculating the widget in the following order:


In the Figure the tab of links with the group assignment of the attributes by the only specifying the parameter is presented, and in next Figure — with the individual appointment of the attributes.


Tab "Links" of the page of configuration of the container of widgets, including widgets with links. (66 Êá)
Figure. Tab "Links" of the page of configuration of the widget with the group assignment of the attributes by the only specifying of the parameter.

Tab "Links" of the page of configuration of the container of widgets, including widgets with links. (69 Êá)
Figure. Tab "Links" of the page of configuration of the widget with the individual appointment of the attributes.

When the widget that contains the configuration of links is placed to the container of widgets, all links of the source widget is added to the list of resulting links of the widgets' container, but only to a depth of one level of nesting.


Tab "Links" of the page of configuration of the container of widgets, including widgets with links. (140 Êá)
Figure. Tab "Links" of the page of configuration of the container of widgets, including widgets with links.

The above shows that the links are set by the user in the configuration interface. However, for the possibility of creation of the frames for general use, with the function of providing detailed data of various sources of the same type, a dynamic linkage mechanism is necessary. Such mechanism is provided through a reserved key identifier "<page>" of the group of attributes of links in the frames of general purpose and dynamic linkage with the identifier "<page>" in the process of opening of the frame of general purpose by means of the signal from another widget.


Lets examine the example when we have the frame of general-purpose "Control panel of graph" and a lot of "Graphs" in different tabs. "Control panel of graph" has links with the templates:


At the same time, each widget "Graph" has the attributes tSek, tSize, trcPer and valArch. In the case of a calling of the opening signal of "Control panel of graph" from any widget "Graph" it is happening the linkage of the attributes of the "Control panel of graph" in accordance with the attribute specified in the template with the attribute of the widget "Graph". As a result, all changes in the "Control panel of graph" will be displayed on the graph by means of the link.


In the case of presence of external links to the parameters of subsystem "Data acquisition" in the widget "Graph", the links of "Control panel of graph" will be set on an external source. In addition, if in the "Control panel of graph" will be declared the links to the missing attributes directly in the widget "Graph", it will be made the search for the availability of such attributes from the external source, the first to which the link is directed, performing, thus, the addition of missing links.


To visualize this mechanism the table is cited.


Table. The mechanism of the dynamic linkage.

Attributes of the "Control panel of graph" (the template of dynamic linkage) "Graph" attributes Attributes of an external "Parameter" The resulting link or an value of the linking attribute
tSek (<page>|tSek) tSek - "Graph".tSek
tSize (<page>|tSize) tSize - "Graph".tSize
trcPer (<page>|trcPer) trcPer - "Graph".trcPer
valArch (<page>|valArch) valArch - "Graph".valArch
var (<page>|var) var var "Parameter".var
ed (<page>|ed) - ed "Parameter".ed
max (<page>|max) - - EVAL
min (<page>|min) - - EVAL

4.11 Architecture

Based on the foregoing, architectural considerations let's form the static class diagram of the VCA, given the separation of the conceptual part (engine) and the part of self-realization of the VCA (Figure 4.11.1). Table 4.11 describes the classes of the class diagram.


(77 Êá)
Fig.4.11.1 Static class diagram.

Table 4.11. VCA classes

Class Responsibility Links
TSecurity Provides the information about the users, and also implements their authentication in the OpenSCADA system. It is used by the widgets and frames of the VCA to verify the access rights.
TFunction Is used to access the mechanism of user programming when describing the logic of derived widgets, as well as to include the API functions of the object model into the derived widgets. Stores the structure if parameters with the logic in the derived widgets. Passed to the module, which provides the user programming language implementation in order to connect the mechanism of processing the program's logic.
TUI The root object of the module of subsystem "User interfaces" which is used for integration into the kernel of the OpenSCADA system. Is inherited by the root objects of the module of the VCA concept and by modules of implementation of the VCA interface.
VCA::Engine The root object of the module of the VCA concept/engine. It contains the containers of objects of the engine, as well as general methods and data. It is used by the visualization interfaces to access the data of the projects' sessions and concepts in general. Integrates the concepts' f code of the VCA in the OpenSCADA system.
VCA::WidgetLib Object of the library of widgets/frames, contains the objects of library widgets (VCA::LWidget). The library of widgets structure can be freely formed by the user. Contains the objects of library widgets (VCA::LWidget).
VCA::Widget Abstract object of the widget. Is inherited by the objects of library widget(VCA::LWidget), of the container widget(VCA::CWidget), of the frame's of the project(VCA::Win) and by the objects of the execution session of the project(VCA::SessWin,VCA::SessWdg). The widget-container contains the function associated with the implementation of the user programming language. Uses the object OpenSCADA API TSecurity for managing the access rights. Uses events from an event's manager. Contact the theme's managers in order to obtain the immediate values of the fonts, colors in accordance with the current theme.
VCA::LWidget Object of the library widget/frame. Is stored in the library (VCA::WidgetLib). It can contain the embedded widgets, represented by the objects of the container widgets (VCA::CWidget).
VCA::CWidget The object of the container widget of the library widget/frame (VCA::LWidget). In fact, it serves as link to the library widget. It is stored in the library frame/widget (VCA::LWidget).
VCA::Project The object of the project of the user interface. It contains windows (VCA::Win) with the hierarchical name. Is stored in the container of the object of concept (VCA::Engine). Contains the objects of windows (VCA::Win) of the project.
VCA::Page The Object of the VC interface page. It is closely related to the frame from the library of widgets, the frame itself has the elements of the interface. The object of the window itself, in addition to the frame, allows the links to the dynamics and provides the mechanism for the dynamics interleaving of the frame on the pages, with the possibility of forming the template of the dynamics. Is stored in the container of the project. Is inherited from the abstract widget (VCA::Widget). Is connected with frame of the interface (VCA::LWidget) in the library of widgets.
VCA::Theme Object of the theme of the visualization interface. It contains the elements of the theme (VCA::ThemeEl). Is stored in the container of the object of concept (VCA::ConcVCA). Stores elements of the theme (VCA::ThemeEl).
VCA::ThemeEl Object of the theme's element. Contains an association of the element with the code of the color and font. Is contained in the container of the theme (VCA::Theme). Is used by the widget's object (VCA::Widget) for obtaining the color and font values by the name of the theme's element.
VCA::EventMap Object of the events' card. Contains the events' objects (VCA::Event). Is contained in the container of the conception object (VCA::ConcVCA). Stores the descriptions of events (VCA::Event).
VCA::Event Event's object contains the association of the object(event)'s name with the real event. Is contained in the container of the events' map (VCA::EventMap).
VCA::Session Object of the execution session of the visualization project. Is opened by the module of the visualization interface and uses in the future the session data for the visualization by its own method. All calculations of the visualization interfaces are made in the session. Is contained in the visualization interface project. Contains the objects of the session windows with the execution data. Is used by the modules of the visualization interfaces to display the data of the session.
VCA::SessPage Object of the session's page. Contains the dynamic data of the window of the project on which it makes the required calculations. Is contained in the object of the session of the project (VCA::SessProj). Is inherited from the abstract widget (VCA::Widget). Uses the object of the project's page (VCA::Page) as the source of the parameters' values.
VCA::SessWdg Object of the session's widget. Contains the dynamic data of the separate element of the frame over which it makes the required calculations. May be enclosed in one another in accordance with the hierarchy of widgets of the frame. Is contained in the object of the session's window (VCA::SessPage) or in the higher on the hierarchy object of this type. Is inherited from the abstract widget (VCA::Widget). Uses the object of library (VCA::LWidget) and/or container (VCA::CWidget) widget as the source of initial parameters. Is used by the visualization interface module as the source of dynamic data for visualization.
Vision, WebGUI Root objects of the visualization interface module, built on the basis of Qt library and Web-based technologies. They provide access to the means of execution and development of visualization interfaces used in the environment of used technology. Provide an access to runtime and development modes. Integrate the visualization interface code into the OpenSCADA system.
VRunTime, WebRunTime Objects of runtime of the visualization interface based on Qt library and Web-based technologies. Directly provides the user visualization and control interface. Is contained in the root objects of the visualization modules. They are connected and used the data of the project's session object (VCA::SesProj) of the VCA concept. In accordance with the structure of the session they contain the great number of specialized objects of the direct visualization.
VDevelop, WebDevelop Objects of the development framework of the visualization interface based on Qt library and Web-based technologies. Provide an interface of the tool over the conception data for the development of VC interfaces. They are contained in the root object of the visualization modules. They are connected to the object of the root of the VCA conception (VCA::Engine) and provide the graphical interface for managing it. In accordance with the structure of the conception they include the great number of specialized control objects.

The static class diagram (Fig.4.11.1) does not reveal the entire hierarchy of interaction of objects, based on an abstract object VCA::Widget. This is due to the implicit inheritance of these properties of the widget across all segments of the engine, as well as with the intricacies of inheritance, built by using the data of some widgets in the other ones. To explain these features represented the comprehensive map of "using" inheritance into section 4.5.

4.12 Primitives of the widget

Any newly created widget is based on one of several primitives (end element of the visualization) by installing of the kinship as directly to the primitive, as well as through the several intermediate user widgets. Each of the primitives contains a mechanism (logic) of the data model. A copy of the widget keeps the values of the properties of configuration of the the primitive specially for itself.


The tasks of the visualization interface includes support and work with the data model of the primitives of widgets. Primitives of the widget must be carefully developed and unitized in order to cover as many opportunities in the as possible to a smaller number of weakly connected with each other by their purpose primitives.


Table. The library of the primitives of widgets (basic elements of visualization)

Id Name Function
ElFigure Elementary graphic figures

Primitive is the basis for drawing basic graphic shapes with their possible combinations in a single object. The support of the following basic figures is provided:

  • Line.
  • Arc.
  • Bézier curve.
  • Fill of the enclosed space.

For all the figures contained in the widget it is set the common properties of thickness, color, etc., but this does not exclude the possibility of indicating the above attributes for each figure separately.

FormEl Elements of the form

Includes support for standard form components:

  • Line edit.
  • Text edit.
  • Check box.
  • Button.
  • Combo box.
  • List.
  • Tree.
  • Table.
  • Slider.
  • Scroll bar.
Text Text Text element (labels). Characterized by the type of font, color, orientation and alignment.
Media Media Element of visualization of raster and vector images of various formats, playback of animated images, audio segments and video fragments.
Diagram Diagram Element of the diagram with the support of the visualization of the flow of several trends, the spectrum, XY diagrams of real-time data, ... .
Protocol Protocol Element of the protocol, visualizer of the system messages, with support for multiple operating modes.
Document Document The element of generating the reports, journals and other documentation on the basis of available in the system data.
Box Container Contains the mechanism for other widgets placement-including with the purpose of creation of new, more complex, widgets and pages of end visualization.
Function, in plane Function of API of the object model of OpenSCADA Not visual, on the side of execution, widget which allows to include a computing function of the object model of OpenSCADA in the VCA.

Table. The common set of properties/attributes in the widget

Id Name Number Value
id Id - Id of the element. The attribute is read-only, designed to provide information on the ID of the element.
path Path - The path to the widget. The attribute is read-only and designed to provide full information about the location of the element.
parent Parent - Path to the parent widget. The attribute is read-only and designed to provide information about the location of ancestor which the widget is inherited from.
owner Owner - The widget owner and group in form "{owner}:{group}", by default the "root:UI".
perm Permission -

Permission to the widget in form "{user}{group}{other}" plus inheritance flag, includes the inheritance owner and it's permissions from upper widget.
Where "user", "group" and "other" is:

  • "__" — no any access;
  • "R_" — read-only;
  • "RW" — read and write.

By default the 01000(inheritance).

root Root 1 Id of the widget-primitive (basic element) which underlies the image of visualization of the widget.
name Name - Name of the element. Modifiable the element name.
dscr Description - Description of the element. Text field, serves for attachment to the widget of the brief description.
en Enabled 5 The state of the element — "Enabled". Disabled element is not shown in the execution mode.
active Active 6 The state of the element — "Active". Active element may receive focus in the execution mode, and thus receive keyboard and other events with their subsequent processing.
geomX Geometry:x 7 Geometry, coordinate 'x' of the element position.
geomY Geometry:y 8 Geometry, coordinate 'y' of the element position.
geomW Geometry:width 9 Geometry, the width of the element.
geomH Geometry:height 10 Geometry, the height of the element.
geomXsc Geometry:x scale 13 The horizontally scale of the element.
geomYsc Geometry:y scale 14 The vertical scale of the element.
geomZ Geometry:z 11 Geometry, coordinate 'z' (level) of element on the page. It also defines order to transfer the focus through active elements.
geomMargin Geometry:margin 12 Geometry, the margins of the element.
tipTool Tip:tool 15 The text of a brief help or tip on this element. Usually is realized as a tool tip, while keeping your mouse cursor over the element.
tipStatus Tip:status 16 Text information on the status of the element or the guide to action over the element. Usually is implemented in the form of a message in the status bar while keeping your mouse cursor over the element.
* Modification from session of the attribute of the root page will record the message in the status bar of the visualization window session.
contextMenu Context menu 17

Context menu in form strings list: "{ItName}:{Signal}".
Where:

  • "ItName" — the item name;
  • "Signal" — the signal name, for it forming as "usr_{Signal}".
evProc Events process -

Attribute for storing of the script of the processing of event of direct control of user interface. Script is the list of commands to the visualization interface generated at the event receipt (attribute event). Direct events processing for pages manipulation in form: "{event}:{evSrc}:{com}:{prm}". Where:

  • "event" — the waiting event;
  • "evSrc" — the event source;
  • "com" — the command of a session (open, next, prev);
  • "prm" — the command parameter, where used:
    • pg_so — direct name of the desired page with the prefix;
    • 1 — name of a new page in a general way, without a prefix;
    • * — the page is taken from the name of a previous page;
    • $ — points the place of the opened page relative.

Examples:

  • ws_BtPress:/prev:prev:/pg_so/*/*/$
  • ws_BtPress:/next:next:/pg_so/*/*/$
  • ws_BtPress:/go_mn:open:/pg_so/*/mn/*
  • ws_BtPress:/go_graph:open:/pg_so/*/ggraph
Additional attributes for items placed into the project in the role of a page.
pgOpen Page:open state - Sign "The page is open".
* Modification from session provides an immediate opening/closing the page.
pgNoOpenProc Page:process not opened - Sign "Execute the page, even if it is closed".
pgOpenSrc Page:open source 3 Full address of the page which has opened this one.
* Write/clear address of the widget — (opening initiator) performs an immediate opening/closing page. In the case of write the address and on certain conditions carried the dynamic linking of the current widget to the initiator.
pgGrp Page:group 4 The group of the page.
Additional attributes of the execution mode — by the session.
event Event - Special attributes for the collection of events of the widget in the list, which is divided by the new line. Access to the attribute is protected by the resource allocation in order to avoid loss of the events. The attribute is always available in the script of widget.
load Load -1 The virtual command of the group data download.
focus Focus -2 The special attribute of the indicating the fact of receiving the focus by an active widget. Attribute of the widget and of the the embedded widgets is available in the script of widget.
perm Permission -3 The virtual attribute of the rights verification of active user on the viewing and control over the widget.

* — The special function of the widget attribute which running in a session of the project at any user's modification.

The visualization engine provides visualizer specific attributes activation. The process of activation does at a session of the project opening and minds for the project: creation of the specific attribute with pointed properties, at case it lack, and activation for modification tracing by the visualization engine, like to the attributes of forming primitive's shapes. For the specific attributes list of the visualizer you can see to proper documentation of the visualizer.

Elementary graphic figures (ElFigure)

Primitive is the basis for drawing basic graphic shapes with their possible combinations in a single object. Taking into account the wide range of various shapes, which must be maintained by the primitive, and at the same time the primitive must be simple enough for using and, if possible, for implementation, it was decided to limit the list of the basic figures used for the construction of the resulting graphics to these figures: line, arc, Bézier curve and fill of the enclosed spaces. Based at these basic figures, it is possible to construct derived figures by combining the basic. In the context of the primitive, there is possibility to set the transparency of the color in the range [0...255], where '0' — complete transparency.


Table. A list of additional properties/attributes of the primitive "ElFigure"

Id Name Number Value
lineWdth Line:width 20 Line width.
lineClr Line:color 21

Color name form "{color}[-{alpha}]", where:

  • "color" — standard color name or digital view of three hexadecimal digit's number form "#RRGGBB";
  • "alpha" — alpha channel level [0...255], where 0 — complete transparent.

Examples:

  • "red" — solid red color;
  • "#FF0000" — solid red color by digital code;
  • "red-127" — half transparent red color.
lineStyle Line:style 22 Line style (solid, dashed, dotted).
bordWdth Border:width 23 Line border width. The zero width indicates the lack of border.
bordClr Border:color 24 Border color (detailed in attribute 21).
fillColor Fill:color 25 Fill color (detailed in attribute 21).
fillImg Fill:image 26

Image name in form "[{src}:]{name}", where:

  • "src" — the image source:
    • file — direct from local file by the path;
    • res — from the DB mime resources table.
  • "name" — the file path or the resource mime Id.

Examples:

  • "res:backLogo" — from the DB mime resources table for id "backLogo";
  • "backLogo" — like previous;
  • "file:/var/tmp/backLogo.png" — from local file by the path "/var/tmp/backLogo.png".
orient Orientation angle 28 The rotation angle of the content of widget.
elLst Element's list 27

List of graphic primitives in the following format:

  • Line. Record form in the list, for static and dynamic parameters (may mix):
    "line:({x}|{y}):({x}|{y})[:{width}[:{color}[:{bord_w}[:{bord_clr}[:{line_stl}]]]]]"
    "line:{p1}:{p2}[:w{n}[:c{n}[:w{n}[:c{n}[:s{n}]]]]]"
  • Arc. Record form in the list, for static and dynamic parameters (may mix):
    "arc:({x}|{y}):({x}|{y}):({x}|{y}):({x}|{y}):({x}|{y})[:{width}[:{color}[:{bord_w}[:{bord_clr}[:{line_stl}]]]]]"
    "arc:{p1}:{p2}:{p3}:{p4}:{p5}[:w{n}[:c{n}[:w{n}[:c{n}[:s{n}]]]]]"
    Arc example with the points assignment (8 Kb)
    p1, p2 — starting and ending points of an elliptic arc, respectively;
    p3 — the center of the arc;
    p4 — first radius;
    p5 — second radius.
  • Bézier curve. Record form in the list, for static and dynamic parameters (may mix):
    "bezier:({x}|{y}):({x}|{y}):({x}|{y}):({x}|{y})[:{width}[:{color}[:{bord_w}[:{bord_clr}[:{line_stl}]]]]]"
    "bezier:{p1}:{p2}:{p3}:{p4}[:w{n}[:c{n}[:w{n}[:c{n}[:s{n}]]]]]"
  • Fill. Record form in the list:
    "fill:({x}|{y}):({x}|{y}):...:({x}|{y})[:{fill_clr}[:{fill_img}]]"
    "fill:{p1}:{p2}:...:{pN}[:c{n}[:i{n}]]"

Where:

x, y — direct point (x,y), coordinate in float point pixels;
p1 ... pN — dynamic point 1...N;
width, bord_w — direct line and border width in float point pixels;
w{n} — dynamic width 'n';
color, bord_clr, fill_clr — direct line, border and fill color name or 32bit code with alpha: {name}[-{AAA}], #RRGGBB-AAA;
c{n} — dynamic color 'n';
line_stl — direct line style: 0-Solid, 1-Dashed, 2-Dotted;
s{n} — dynamic style 'n';
fill_img — direct fill image in form "[{src}%3A]{name}", where:
"src" — image source:
file — direct from local file by the path;
res — from the DB mime resources table.
"name" — the file path or the resource mime Id.
i{n} — dynamic fill image 'n'.

For example:

  • line:(50|25):(90.5|25):2:yellow:3:green:2
  • arc:(25|50):(25|50):1:4:(25|50)::#000000-0
  • fill:(25|50):(25|50):c2:i2
  • fill:(50|25):(90.5|25):(90|50):(50|50):#d3d3d3:h_31
The attributes for each point from the list of graphic figures elLst
p{n}x Point {n}:x 30+n*6 Coordinates 'x' of the point n.
p{n}y Point {n}:y 30+n*6+1 Coordinates 'y' of the point n.
w{n} Width {n} 30+n*6+2 Width n.
ñ{n} Color {n} 30+n*6+3 Color n (detailed in attribute 21).
i{n} Image {n} 30+n*6+4 Image n (detailed in attribute 26).
s{n} Style {n} 30+n*6+5 Style n.

Element of the form (FormEl)

Primitive is intended to provide the standard form elements to the user. The general list of attributes depends on the type of element.


Table. A set of additional properties/attributes of the primitive "FormEl"

Id Name Number Value
elType Element's type 20 Type of the element: "Line edit", "Text edit", "Check box", "Button", "Combo box", "List", "Tree", "Table", "Slider", "Scroll bar". On its value it depends a list of additional attributes.
Line edit:
value Value 21 The contents of the line.
view View 22 Type of the editing line: "Text", "Combobox", "Integer", "Real", "Time", "Date", "Date and Time".
cfg Configuration 23

Configuration of the line. The format of the value of the field for different types of lines:

Text — the formated input configuration with parameters:
A — ASCII alphabetic character required. A-Z, a-z.
a — ASCII alphabetic character permitted but not required.
N — ASCII alphanumeric character required. A-Z, a-z, 0-9.
n — ASCII alphanumeric character permitted but not required.
X — Any character required.
x — Any character permitted but not required.
9 — ASCII digit required. 0-9.
0 — ASCII digit permitted but not required.
D — ASCII digit required. 1-9.
d — ASCII digit permitted but not required (1-9).
# — ASCII digit or plus/minus sign permitted but not required.
H — Hexadecimal character required. A-F, a-f, 0-9.
h — Hexadecimal character permitted but not required.
B — Binary character required. 0-1.
b — Binary character permitted but not required.
> — All following alphabetic characters are uppercased.
< — All following alphabetic characters are lowercased.
! — Switch off case conversion.
\\ — Use to escape the special characters listed above to use them as separators.

Combobox — list of values the editable combobox by lines.
Integer — integer value configuration in form: "{Min}:{Max}:{ChangeStep}:{Prefix}:{Suffix}".
Real — real value configuration in form: "{Min}:{Max}:{ChangeStep}:{Prefix}:{Suffix}:{SignsAfterDot}".
Time, Date, Date and time — to form the date following the template with parameters:

d — number of the day (1-31);
dd — number of the day (01-31);
ddd — acronym of the day ("Mon" ... "Sun");
dddd — the full name of the day ("Monday" ... "Sunday");
M — number of the month (1-12);
MM — number of the month (01-12);
MMM — acronym of the month ("Jan" ... "Dec");
MMMM — the full name of the month ("January" ... "December");
yy — last two digits of the year;
yyyy — full year;
h — hour (0-23);
hh — hour (00-23);
m — minutes (0-59);
mm — minutes (00-59);
s — seconds (0-59);
ss — seconds (00-59);
AP,ap — to display AM/PM or am/pm.
confirm Confirm 24 Enable the confirm mode.
font Font 25

Font name form "{family} {size} {bold} {italic} {underline} {strike}", where:

  • "family" — font family, for spaces use symbol '_', like: "Arial", "Courier", "Times_New_Roman";
  • "size" — font size in pixels;
  • "bold" — font bold (0 or 1);
  • "italic" — font italic (0 or 1);
  • "underline" — font underlined (0 or 1);
  • "strike" — font struck (0 or 1).

Examples:

  • "Arial 10 1 0 0 0" — Arial font size 10 pixels and bold.
Text edit:
value Value 21 The contents of the editor.
wordWrap Word wrap 22 Automatic division of text by the words.
confirm Confirm 24 Enable confirm mode.
font Font 25 Font name form "{family} {size} {bold} {italic} {underline} {strike}" (details above).
Check box:
name Name 26 Name/label of the checkbox.
value Value 21 Value of the checkbox.
font Font 25 Font name form "{family} {size} {bold} {italic} {underline} {strike}" (details above).
Button:
name Name 26 Name, the inscription on the button. Allowed symbols '\n' for multiple line names.
value Value 21

The value, different for modes:

  • "Standard" — repeating parameters of events on holding "{delay}-{interval}", time in milliseconds;
  • "Checkable" — toggle value;
  • "Menu" — addresses of menu elements list like "/grp1/grp2/item1";
  • "Load" — description line "{FilesTemplate}|{Header}|{FileByDefault}" and loaded file content. Files template like "Images (*.png *.xpm *.jpg);;CSV-file (*.csv)".
  • "Save" — description line "{FilesTemplate}|{Header}|{FileByDefault}" and saved file content. Files template like before.
img Image 22

The image on the button. Image name in form "[{src}:]{name}", where:

  • "src" — the image source:
    • file — direct from local file by the path;
    • res — from the DB mime resources table.
  • "name" — the file path or the resource mime Id.

Examples:

  • "res:backLogo" — from the DB mime resources table for Id "backLogo";
  • "backLogo" — like previous;
  • "file:/var/tmp/backLogo.png" — from local file by the path "/var/tmp/backLogo.png".
color Color 23

Color of the button. Color name form "{color}[-{alpha}]", where:

  • "color" — the standard color name or digital view of three hexadecimal digit's number form "#RRGGBB";
  • "alpha" — the alpha channel level [0...255].

Examples:

  • "red" — solid red color;
  • "#FF0000" — solid red color by the digital code;
  • "red-127" — half transparent red color.
colorText Color:text 27 The color of the text. (details above)
mode Mode 24

The button operation mode:

  • "Standard" — normal button which allow events repeat on it hold (the parameters into "value");
  • "Checkable" — fixed button (values into "value");
  • "Menu" — open menu on press (items list into "value");
  • "Load" — provides user-space small files loading through the visual interface; on the mode the button press will open selection file dialog for loading and the file content next saving to the attribute "value";
  • "Save" — provides user-space small files saving through the visual interface; on the file content writing to "value" attribute for user will open selection/set file dialog and next saving the attribute "value" content to the file and next the attribute "value" will set clean.
font Font 25 Font name form "{family} {size} {bold} {italic} {underline} {strike}" (details above).
List:
value Value 21 Current value of the list.
items Items 22 The entries of the list.
font Font 25 Font name form "{family} {size} {bold} {italic} {underline} {strike}" (details above).
mult Multiple selection 23 Allow for multiple entries selection of the list.
Combo box, Tree:
value Value 21 Current value of the list.
items Items 22 The entries of the list or hierarchical items list of tree in path "/{DIR}/{DIR}/{ITEM}".
font Font 25 Font name form "{family} {size} {bold} {italic} {underline} {strike}" (details above).
Table:
set Setting value 23 The value of edition of a cell of the table which address into the event "ws_TableEdit_{colN}_{rowN}".
value Value 21

Address of the selected item. It changing follows by the signal "ws_TableChangeSel". The address format depends from the table's selection mode:

  • "Cell" — the cell address in format "{row}:{col}".
  • "Row", "Column" — the row-column number or the row-column key's cell content, which sets by the attribute "keyID".
items Elements 22

The table structure and content in XML view:

The tags:

"tbl" — Table, the properties at all:
  • "sel" — the selection mode of the table items: "row" — by rows, "col" — by columns, "cell" — by cells (by default);
  • "keyID" — the key's row-column number, for the selection value get;
  • "colsWdthFit" — fit the columns (which size unfixed) size to fill for full the table width;
  • "hHdrVis", "vHdrVis" — horizontal, vertical header visibility set;
  • "sortEn" — direct sorting by columns enable.

"h" — The headers size, allowed attributes about cell-tag of the header, for the column as a whole:

  • "width" — the column width, in pixels or percents (10%);
  • "edit" — allowing to the cells of the row edition (0 or 1), by default — no (0);
  • "color" — the column color as a whole into the color name or code;
  • "colorText" — the column's text color as a whole into the color name or code;
  • "font" — the column's text font in typical OpenSCADA's string;
  • "sort" — sorting by the column [0 - Descending; 1 - Ascending].

"r" — the row of values, allowed attributes:

  • "color" — the row color as a whole into the color name or code;
  • "colorText" — the row's text color as a whole into the color name or code;
  • "font" — the row's text font in typical OpenSCADA's string.

"s", "i", "r", "b" — the data type's cells "String", "Integer", "Real" and "Logical". Allowed attributes:

  • "color" — the cell's background color;
  • "colorText" — the cell's text color into the color name or code;
  • "font" — the cell's text font in typical OpenSCADA's string;
  • "img" — the cell's image into form "[{src}:]{name}", the details above;
  • "edit" — allowing to the cell of the row edition (0 or 1), by default — no (0).
font Font 25 Font name form "{family} {size} {bold} {italic} {underline} {strike}" (the details above).
Slider and Scroll Bar:
value Value 21 The slider position.
cfg Configuration 22

Configuration of the slider in the format: "{VertOrient}:{Min}:{Max}:{SinglStep}:{PageStep}".
Where:

  • "VertOrient" — sign (0 or 1) of a vertical orientation, the default is the horizontal orientation;
  • "Min" — minimum value;
  • "Max" — maximum value;
  • "SinglStep" — the size of a single step;
  • "PageStep" — the size of a page step.

Text element (Text)

This primitive is designed to display the plain text used as labels, and different signatures. With the reason of creating a simple frequent decorations the primitive must support the surrounding of the text by frame.


Table. The list of additional properties/attributes of the primitive "Text"

Id Name Number Value
backColor Background:color 20

Background color. Color name in form "{color}[-{alpha}]", where:

  • "color" — standard color name or digital view of three hexadecimal digit's number form "#RRGGBB";
  • "alpha" — alpha channel level [0...255], where 0 - is full transparent.

Examples:

  • "red" — solid red color;
  • "#FF0000" — solid red color by the digital code;
  • "red-127" — half transparent red color.
backImg Background:image 21

Background image. The image name in form "[{src}:]{name}", where:

  • "src" — the image source:
    • file — direct from local file by the path;
    • res — from the DB mime resources table.
  • "name" — the file path or the resource mime Id.

Examples:

  • "res:backLogo" — from DB mime resources table for Id "backLogo";
  • "backLogo" — like previous;
  • "file:/var/tmp/backLogo.png" — from local file by the path "/var/tmp/backLogo.png".
bordWidth Border:width 22 Border width.
bordColor Border:color 23 Border color (detailed in attribute 20).
bordStyle Border:style 24 Border style: "None", "Dotted", "Dashed", "Solid", "Double", "Groove", "Ridge", "Inset", "Outset".
font Font 25

Font name form "{family} {size} {bold} {italic} {underline} {strike}", where:

  • "family" — font family, for spaces use symbol '_', like: "Arial", "Courier", "Times_New_Roman";
  • "size" — font size in pixels;
  • "bold" — font bold (0 or 1);
  • "italic" — font italic (0 or 1);
  • "underline" — font underlined (0 or 1);
  • "strike" — font struck (0 or 1).

Examples:

  • "Arial 10 1 0 0 0" — Arial font size 10 pixels and bold.
color Color 26 Text color (detailed in attribute 20).
orient Orientation angle 27 Orientation of text, rotation on angle.
wordWrap Word wrap 28 Automatic division of text by words.
alignment Alignment 29 Alignment of the text: "Top left", "Top right", "Top center", "Top justify", "Bottom left", "Bottom right", "Bottom justify", "V center left", "V center right", "Center", "V center justify".
text Text 30 Text value. Use "%{x}" for argument "x" (from 1) value insert to.
numbArg Arguments number 40 Arguments number.
Attributes of the arguments
arg{x}val Argument {x}:value 50+10*x Argument x value.
arg{x}tp Argument {x}:type 50+10*x+1 Argument x type: "Integer", "Real", "String".
arg{x}cfg Argument {x}:config 50+10*x+2

Argument x configuration:

  • "String": {len} — string length;
  • "Real": {wdth};{form};{prec} — value width, the form of ('g', 'e', 'f') and the precision;
  • "Integer": {len} — value length.

Element of visualization of media materials (Media)

This primitive is designed to play different media materials, ranging from simple images to the full audio and video streams.


Table. A set of additional properties/attributes of primitive "Media"

Id Name Number Value
backColor Background:color 20

Background color. Color name in form "{color}[-{alpha}]", where:

  • "color" — standard color name or digital view of three hexadecimal digit's number form "#RRGGBB";
  • "alpha" — alpha channel level [0...255], where 0 - is full transparent.

Examples:

  • "red" — solid red color;
  • "#FF0000" — solid red color by the digital code;
  • "red-127" — half transparent red color.
backImg Background:image 21

Background image. The image name in form "[{src}:]{name}", where:

  • "src" — the image source:
    • file — direct from local file by the path;
    • res — from the DB mime resources table.
  • "name" — the file path or the resource mime Id.

Examples:

  • "res:backLogo" — from DB mime resources table for Id "backLogo";
  • "backLogo" — like previous;
  • "file:/var/tmp/backLogo.png" — from local file by the path "/var/tmp/backLogo.png".
bordWidth Border:width 22 Border width.
bordColor Border:color 23 Border color (detailed in attribute 20).
bordStyle Border:style 24 Border style: "None", "Dotted", "Dashed", "Solid", "Double", "Groove", "Ridge", "Inset", "Outset".
src Source 25

Media source name in form "[{src}:]{name}", where:

  • "src" — source:
    • file — direct from local (visualizer or engine) file by the path;
    • res — from the DB mime resources table;
    • stream — Stream URL for the video and the audio play.
  • "name" — the file path or the resource mime Id.

Examples:

  • "res:workMedia" — from DB mime resources table for Id "workMedia";
  • "workMedia" — like previous;
  • "file:/var/tmp/workMedia.mng" — from local file by path "/var/tmp/workMedia.mng";
  • "stream:http://localhost.localhost:5050" — video and audio stream play from URL.
type Type 27

Media type variant:

  • "Image" — raster or vector(can not support) image, like: PNG, JPEG, GIF, SVG;
  • "Animation" — simple animation image, like: GIF, MNG;
  • "Full video" — full video, audio or stream, like: OGG, OGM, AVI, MKV, MPG, MP3, MP4.
areas Map areas 28 Number of active areas.
The attributes of the image (Image)
fit Fit to the widget size 26 Sign "Coordinate the contents with the size of the widget".
The attributes of the video (Movie)
fit Fit to the widget size 26 Sign "Coordinate the contents with the size of the widget".
speed Play speed 29 The speed of playback, as a percentage from the original speed. If the value is less than 1%, the playback stops.
The attributes of the full video (Full video)
play Play 29 Video/audio - "Play".
roll Roll play 30 Roll play on the finish.
pause Pause 31 Playing pause.
size Size 32 Total video size (in milliseconds).
seek Seek 33 Seek video playing (in milliseconds).
volume Volume 34 Sound volume [0...100].
Active areas
area{x}shp Area {x}:shape 40+3*x Type of the area x: "Rect", "Poly", "Circle".
area{x}coord Area {x}:coordinates 40+3*x+1 The coordinates of area x, are separated by commas: "x1,y1,x2,y2,xN,yN"
area{x}title Area {x}:title 40+3*x+2 Title of the area x.

Element of constructing diagrams/trends (Diagram)

This primitive targeted to construct various diagrams, including graphs/trends showing ongoing process and the archive data. Following types of the diagrams are implemented:


For all the diagram types possible as the data source sets:


Supported tracing of the current values and the values from the archive, and also the possibility of building the graphs of the parameters which have no archive of values, by the current values accumulation into the diagram buffer and only at the diagram active visibility moment.


The process of access to the archive data is optimized, by means of an intermediate buffer for the display, as well as the package of traffic data in the query, by way the data lead to quality enough for display.


Table. A list of additional properties/attributes of the primitive "Diagram"

Id Name Number Value
backColor Background:color 20

Background color. Color name in form "{color}[-{alpha}]", where:

  • "color" — standard color name or digital view of three hexadecimal digit's number form "#RRGGBB";
  • "alpha" — alpha channel level [0...255], where 0 - is full transparent.

Examples:

  • "red" — solid red color;
  • "#FF0000" — solid red color by the digital code;
  • "red-127" — half transparent red color.
backImg Background:image 21

Background image. The image name in form "[{src}:]{name}", where:

  • "src" — the image source:
    • file — direct from local file by the path;
    • res — from the DB mime resources table.
  • "name" — the file path or the resource mime Id.

Examples:

  • "res:backLogo" — from DB mime resources table for Id "backLogo";
  • "backLogo" — like previous;
  • "file:/var/tmp/backLogo.png" — from local file by the path "/var/tmp/backLogo.png".
bordWidth Border:width 22 Border width.
bordColor Border:color 23 Border color (detailed in attribute 20).
bordStyle Border:style 24 Border style: "None", "Dotted", "Dashed", "Solid", "Double", "Groove", "Ridge", "Inset", "Outset".
trcPer Tracing period (s) 25 Mode and frequency of the tracing.
type Type 26 Diagram type: "Trend", "Spectrum", "XY".
General attributes for all the types
tSek Time:seconds 27 Current time, seconds.
tUSek Time:microseconds 28 Current time, microseconds.
tSize Size, seconds 29 Size of the trend, seconds.
curSek Cursor:seconds 30 Cursor position, seconds.
curUSek Cursor:usek 31 Cursor position, microseconds.
curColor Cursor:color 32 Cursor color.
sclColor Scale:color 33 Color of the scale/grid (detailed in attribute 20).
sclHor Scale:horizontal 34 Horizontal mode of the scale/grid: "No draw", "Grid", "Markers", "Grid and markers", "Grid (log)", "Markers (log)", "Grid and markers (log)".
sclHorScl Scale:horizontal scale (%) 44 Graphics's horizontal scale in percents, excluding for type "XY".
sclHorSclOff Scale:horizontal scale offset (%) 45 Offset of graphics's horizontal scale in percents, excluding for type "XY".
sclVer Scale:vertical 35 Vertical mode of the scale/grid: "No draw", "Grid", "Markers", "Grid and markers", "Grid (log)", "Markers (log)", "Grid and markers (log)".
sclVerScl Scale:vertical scale (%) 40 Graphics's vertical scale in percents.
sclVerSclOff Scale:vertical scale offset (%) 41 Offset of graphics's vertical scale in percents.
sclMarkColor Scale:Markers:color 36 Color of the markers of the scale/grid (detailed in attribute 20).
sclMarkFont Scale:Markers:font 37

Font of the markers of scale/grid. Font name form "{family} {size} {bold} {italic} {underline} {strike}", where:

  • "family" — font family, for spaces use symbol '_', like: "Arial", "Courier", "Times_New_Roman";
  • "size" — font size in pixels;
  • "bold" — font bold (0 or 1);
  • "italic" — font italic (0 or 1);
  • "underline" — font underlined (0 or 1);
  • "strike" — font struck (0 or 1).

Examples:

  • "Arial 10 1 0 0 0" — Arial font size 10 pixels and bold.
valArch Value archiver 38 Value archiver in form "{ArchMod}.{ArchivatorId}".
valsForPix Values for pixel 42 The number of values per pixel. Increase to enhance the accuracy of export at large time intervals.
parNum Parameters number 39 The number of parameters that can be displayed on the one trend.
Attributes for type: "Graph"
sclHorPer Scale:horizontal grid size, seconds 43 Fixed a grid period of horizontal scale, disable automatic calculation for the grid period. Activated if the periods number into overall size more for two and one period size more for 15 pixels.
Individual attributes of the parameters of trend/graph/XY
prm{X}addr Parameter {X} :address 50+10*{X}

Full address to DAQ attribute of a parameter X or to an archive.
Also supported direct data set by the prefixes:

  • "data:{XMLNodeData}" — drawing from the direct set data;
  • "line:{value}" — drawing the horizontal line by the value, no sense have for type "XY".

Example:

  • "/DAQ/System/AutoDA/MemInfo/use" — address to attribute "use" of parameter "MemInfo" of controller "AutoDA" of DAQ module "System";
  • "/Archive/va_CPULoad_load" — address to archive "CPULoad_load".
  • "data:<d s="1" aprox="1" tm="1369465209" tm_grnd="1369465200" per="1">
0 3.14
1 3.141
5 3.1415</d>" — data for 10 seconds and period 1 second from "25.05.2013 10:00:00"; at pass "tm" and "tm_grnd" it will sets values from the diagram range, and also by set attribute "s" it will allows the time set into seconds; "aprox" — approximate the throughout from one point to other instead the substitution previous value into all the periodical points (typically it is from packing);
  • "line:3.14159265" — horizontal line into value "3.14159265".
prm{X}bordL Parametr {X}:view border:lower 50+10*{X}+1 Lower limit of the parameter X.
prm{X}bordU Parametr {X}:view border:upper 50+10*{X}+2 Upper limit of the parameter X.
prm{X}color Parametr {X}:color 50+10*{X}+3 Color for display of the trend of the parameter X (detailed in attribute 20).
prm{X}width Parametr {X}:width 50+10*{X}+6 Line width for display of the trend of the parameter X, in pixels.
prm{X}scl Parametr {X}:scale 50+10*{X}+5 Separated vertical scale mode of the parameter X: "Global", "Markers", "Grid and markers", "Markers (log)", "Grid and markers (log)".
prm{X}val Parametr {X}:value 50+10*{X}+4 Value of the parameter X under the cursor.
prm{X}prop Parametr {X}:properties 50+10*{X}+7 Real archive properties in form "{BegArh}:{EndArh}:{DataPeriod}", where "BegArh", "EndArh", "DataPeriod" — begin, end and period of archive's data in seconds, real up to microseconds (1e-6).

Element of building the protocols based on the archives of messages (Protocol)

This primitive is designed to visualize the data of the archive of messages through the formation of protocols with different ways of visualization, starting from a static scanning view and finishing with dynamic tracing of protocol of message.


Table. A list of additional properties/attributes of the primitive "Protocol"

Id Name Number Value
backColor Background:color 20

Background color. Color name in form "{color}[-{alpha}]", where:

  • "color" — standard color name or digital view of three hexadecimal digit's number form "#RRGGBB";
  • "alpha" — alpha channel level [0...255], where 0 - is full transparent.

Examples:

  • "red" — solid red color;
  • "#FF0000" — solid red color by the digital code;
  • "red-127" — half transparent red color.
backImg Background:image 21

Background image. The image name in form "[{src}:]{name}", where:

  • "src" — the image source:
    • file — direct from local file by the path;
    • res — from the DB mime resources table.
  • "name" — the file path or the resource mime Id.

Examples:

  • "res:backLogo" — from DB mime resources table for Id "backLogo";
  • "backLogo" — like previous;
  • "file:/var/tmp/backLogo.png" — from local file by the path "/var/tmp/backLogo.png".
font Font 22

Font of markers of scale/grid. Font name form "{family} {size} {bold} {italic} {underline} {strike}", where:

  • "family" — font family, for spaces use symbol '_', like: "Arial", "Courier", "Times_New_Roman";
  • "size" — font size in pixels;
  • "bold" — font bold (0 or 1);
  • "italic" — font italic (0 or 1);
  • "underline" — font underlined (0 or 1);
  • "strike" — font struck (0 or 1).

Examples:

  • "Arial 10 1 0 0 0" — Arial font size 10 pixels and bold.
headVis Header visible 23 Show header for table or not.
time Time, seconds 24 Current time, seconds.
tSize Size, seconds 25 Query size, seconds. Set value to '0' for get all alarms, for "lev" < 0.
trcPer Tracing period (s) 26 Mode and frequency of tracing.
arch Archivator 27 Messages archivator in form "{ArchMod}.{ArchivatorId}".
tmpl Template 28

Category template or regular expression "/{re}/". For template reserved special symbols:

  • '*' — any multiply symbols group;
  • '?' — any one symbol;
  • '\\' — use for shield special symbols.
lev Level 29 The level of messages. Set value to < 0 for get the current alarms.
viewOrd View order 30 View order: "By time", "By level", "By category", "By messages", "By time (reverse)", "By level (reverse)", "By category (reverse)", "By messages (reverse)".
col View columns 31

Visible and order columns list separated by symbol ';'. Supported columns:

  • "pos" — row number;
  • "tm" — date and time of the message;
  • "utm" — microseconds part of the time of the message;
  • "lev" — level of the message;
  • "cat" — category of the message;
  • "mess" — the message text.
itProp Item properties 32 Item's properties number.
Individual attributes of the item's properties
it{X}lev Item {X}:level 40+5*{X} Criterion: element's level X, more or equal for pointed.
it{X}tmpl Item {X}:template 40+5*{X}+1 Criterion: element's category template X (detailed in attribute 28).
it{X}fnt Item {X}:font 40+5*{X}+2 Element X font (detailed in attribute 22).
it{X}ñolor Item {X}:color 40+5*{X}+3 Element X color (detailed in attribute 20).

Element of formation of documentation (Document)

The primitive is designed to creation report, operational and other documents based on templates of documents.


Table. A list of additional properties/attributes of the primitive "Document"

Id Name Number Value
style CSS 20 CSS rules in rows like "body { background-color:#818181; }".
tmpl Template 21 Document's template in XHTML, starts from tag "body" and include procedures parts:
doc Document 22 Final document in XHTML, starts from tag "body".
font Font 26

Basic font of the text. Font name form "{family} {size} {bold} {italic} {underline} {strike}", where:

  • "family" — font family, for spaces use symbol '_', like: "Arial", "Courier", "Times_New_Roman";
  • "size" — font size in pixels;
  • "bold" — font bold (0 or 1);
  • "italic" — font italic (0 or 1);
  • "underline" — font underlined (0 or 1);
  • "strike" — font struck (0 or 1).

Examples:

  • "Arial 10 1 0 0 0" — Arial font size 10 pixels and bold.
bTime Time:begin 24 Start time of the document, seconds.
time Time:current 23 Time of the document generation, seconds. Write the time for the document generation from that point or zero for regeneration.
n Archive size 25 Number of documents or the depth of the archive.
Attributes of the enabled archival mode
aCur Archive:cursor:current - Position of the current document in the archive. Record of the value <0 produces the archiving of this document.
vCur Archive:cursor:view - Current visual document of the archive. Writing a value of -1 — to select next document, -2 — to select previous document.
aDoc Archive:current document - Current archive document in XHTML, starts from the tag "body".
aSize Archive:size - Real the archive document size.

Features of the primitive "Document":


The basis of any document is XHTML-template. XHTML-template is the tag "body" of the WEB-page which contains the document's static in the standard XHTML 1.0 and elements of the executable instructions in one of the languages of the user programming of OpenSCADA in the form of <?dp {procedure} ?>. The resulting document is formed by the execution of procedures and insert of their result into the document.


The source for values of the executable instructions are the attributes of the widget of the primitive, as well as all the mechanisms of the user programming language. Attributes may be added by the user and they can be linked to the actual attributes or parameters or they can be autonomous, values of which will be formed in the script of the widget. In the case of linked attributes the values can be extracted from the history, archive.


Fig. 3.8.7.a shows a block diagram of the widget of the primitive "Document". According to this structure "Document" includes: XHTML-template, the resulting documents and the processing script. The data source for the script and for the resulting documents are the attributes of the widget.


Primitive "Document" structure (40 Êá)
Fig. 3.8.7.a The block diagram of the primitive "Document".

It is provided the work of the widget in two modes: "Dynamic" and "Archive". The difference between archive mode is the availability of the archive of the specified depth and attributes which allow you to control the process of archiving and viewing of the document in the archive.


Generation of the document is always performed at the time of installation of the time attribute time relatively to the set start time of the document in the attribute bTime. With the archive turned off the resulting document is placed directly in the attribute doc. When the archive is turned on the resulting document is placed in the cell under the cursor, the attribute aCur, as well as in doc if the value of the archive cursor aCur and the cursor of visualized document vCur match. Attributes of the archival cursors provide several commands of values:


As it was stated above dynamics of the document's template is defined by the inserts of executable instructions of the form "<?dp {procedure} ?>". The procedures may use the same attributes of the widget and functions of the user programming interface of OpenSCADA. In addition to the attributes of the widget special attributes (Table 3.8.7.a) are reserved.


Table 3.8.7.a. Special and reserved elements of the template.

Name Assignment
Attributes
rez Attribute of the results of the procedure execution, the contents of which is placed to the document tree.
lTime Last formation time. If the document is formed for the first time, lTime is equal to the bTime.
rTime Contains the time for the selected values in seconds, it is defined inside the tags with the attribute "docRept".
rTimeU Contains the time for the selected values in microseconds, it is defined inside the tags with the attribute "docRept".
rPer Contains the periodicity of the selection of values (the attribute "docRept").
mTime, mTimeU, mLev, mCat, mVal It is defined inside the tags with an attribute "docAMess" when parsing messages of the messages' archive:
mTime — message time;
mTimeU — message time, microseconds;
mLev — message level;
mCat — message category;
mVal — message value.
Special tags
Special attributes of the standard tags
body.docProcLang Language of executable procedures of the document. By defaults it is "JavaLikeCalc.JavaScript".
*.docRept="1s" Tag with the specified attribute, while the formation it multiplies through the time offset in the attribute "rTime" to the value, specified in this attribute.
*.docAMess="1:PLC*" Indicates the necessity of the tag multiplication with an attribute of message from the archive of messages for the specified interval of time, in accordance with the level of "1" and template of request "PLC*" by the messages category. The template request may specify a regular expression in the form of "/{re}/". For this tag in the process of multiplication the following attributes: mTime, mTimeU, mLev, mCat and mVal are defined.
*.docAMessArchs="ArchMod0.Archivator0[;ArchModN.ArchivatorN]" The attribute "*.docAMess" appends by a list of archivators for messages reading.
*.docRevers="1" Points to invert of the order of multiplication, the last from the top.
*.docAppend="1" The sign of the necessity of addition of the procedure execution result in the tag of the procedure. Otherwise, the result of execution replaces the contents of the tag.
body.docTime Time of formation of the document. It is used to set the attribute lTime in the time of the next formation of the document. It is not set by the user!
table.export="1" Enable for selected table content allow for export to CSV-file and other table formats.

Container (Box)

The primitive container is used to build composite widgets and/or the pages the user interface.


Table. A list of additional properties/attributes of the primitive Box

IdNameNumberValue
pgOpenSrc Page:open source 3 Full address of the page, included inside of the container.
pgGrp Page:group 4 Group of the container of the pages.
backColor Background:color 20

Background color. Color name in form "{color}[-{alpha}]", where:

  • "color" — standard color name or digital view of three hexadecimal digit's number form "#RRGGBB";
  • "alpha" — alpha channel level [0...255], where 0 - is full transparent.

Examples:

  • "red" — solid red color;
  • "#FF0000" — solid red color by the digital code;
  • "red-127" — half transparent red color.
backImg Background:image 21

Background image. The image name in form "[{src}:]{name}", where:

  • "src" — the image source:
    • file — direct from local file by the path;
    • res — from the DB mime resources table.
  • "name" — the file path or the resource mime Id.

Examples:

  • "res:backLogo" — from DB mime resources table for Id "backLogo";
  • "backLogo" — like previous;
  • "file:/var/tmp/backLogo.png" — from local file by the path "/var/tmp/backLogo.png".
bordWidth Border:width 22 Border width.
bordColor Border:color 23 Border color (detailed in attribute 20).
bordStyle Border:style 24 Border style: "None", "Dotted", "Dashed", "Solid", "Double", "Groove", "Ridge", "Inset", "Outset".

4.13 Database using to store libraries of widgets and projects

Storage of widgets, widgets libraries and projects are implemented into the databases accessible in the OpenSCADA system. The DB is structured on the data belonging to the library-project. Ie a separate library-project stores in a separate group of tables of one or of the different databases. The list of libraries of widgets is stored in the index table of the libraries with the name "VCALibs", with the structure "Libs", and the list of projects in the index table "VCAPrjs", with the structure "Projs". A copy of this table is created in each database, which stores data of the module with the list of libraries which are hold in a given database. To the list of the tables belonging to the library of widgets and projects, are included:


Projections (structures) of basic tables are as follows:

4.14 API of the user programming and service interfaces of the OpenSCADA

API of the user programming

API of the user programming of API of the visualization engine are represented by the OpenSCADA objects directly, which build user interface, and same "Session" and "Widget/page". These objects provide the set of control functions for the user:

Object "Session" ( this.ownerSess() )


Object "Widget" (this)




Object "Widget" of the primitive "Document" (this)


The deprecated API of the user programming of the visualization engine are represented by the group of functions directly in the engine module of the VCA. Calling of these functions from the scripts of widgets can be performed directly by the ID of the function, since their area of names is indicated for the context of the scripts of widgets.


Widget list (WdgList)
Description: Returns a list of widgets in the container of widgets or a list of child widgets. If pg is set it returns a list of pages for the projects and sessions.
Parameters:

ID Name Type Mode By default
list List String Return
addr Address String Input
pg Pages Bool Input 0

Presence of the node (NodePresent)
Description: Check for the presence of the node, including widgets, attributes and others.
Parameters:

ID Name Type Mode By default
rez Result Bool Return
addr Address String Input

Attributes list (AttrList)
Description: Returns list of attributes of the widget. If noUser is set then only not user attributes are returned.
Parameters:

ID Name Type Mode By default
list List String Return
addr Address String Input
noUser Without user Bool Input 1

Request of the attribute (AttrGet)
Description: Request of the value of the attribute of the widget. The request can be done as by indicating the full address of the attribute in addr, and by indicating separately the address of the widget in addr, and the ID of the attribute in the attr.
Parameters:

ID Name Type Mode By default
val Value String Return
addr Address String Input
attr Attribute Bool Input

Setting of the attribute (AttrSet)
Description: Setting of the value of the attribute of the widget. Setting can be done as by the indicating the full address of the attribute in addr, and by indicating separately the address of the widget in addr, and the ID of the attribute in attr.
Parameters:

ID Name Type Mode By default
addr Address String Input
val Value String Input
attr Attribute Bool Input

Session user (SesUser)
Description: Return the session user by the session's widget path.
Parameters:

ID Name Type Mode By default
user User String Return
addr Address String Input

Service interfaces of OpenSCADA

Service interfaces are interfaces of access to the OpenSCADA system by means of OpenSCADA control interface from external systems. This mechanism — is the basis of all the mechanisms for interaction within OpenSCADA, implemented through the weak ties, and standard exchange protocol of OpenSCADA.

Access to the values of attributes of the visualization elements (widgets)

In order to provide unitized, grouping and relatively fast access to the values of attributes of the visual elements the service function of the visual element "/serv/attr" and get/set commands of the attributes' values are provided: <get path="/UI/VCAEngine/{wdg_addr}/%2fserv%2fattr"/> and <set path="/UI/VCAEngine/{wdg_addr}/%2fserv%2fattr"/>.


Table. Attributes of commands for get/set of the attributes of the visual elements

Id Name Value
Requesting command of the visual attributes of the widget: <get path="/UI/VCAEngine/{wdg_addr}/%2fserv%2fattr"/>
tm Time/counter of the changes Time/counter of the changes set up for the query of the only changed attributes.
<el id="{attr}" p="{a_id}">{val}</el> The formation of the child elements with the results of the attributes In the child element are specified: string ID attr of the attribute, index a_id of the attribute and its value val.
Setting command of the visual attributes of the widget: <set path="/UI/VCAEngine/{wdg_addr}/%2fserv%2fattr"/>
<el id="{attr}">{val}</el> Setting of the attributes In the child elements the ID of the attribute attr and its value val are specified.
Activation-creation command of specific for the visualizer attribute: <activate path="/UI/VCAEngine/{wdg_addr}/%2fserv%2fattr/{attrId}" aNm="{Name}" aTp="{Type} aFlg="{Flags}"/>
attrId Attribute identifier
aNm Attribute name
aTp Attribute type
aFlg Attribute flags
Group access to the values of the attributes of the visualization elements (widgets)

In order to optimize network traffic by eliminating the small queries, but use one, but a large the group query of the attributes' values of visual elements is made. Grouping of this query involves a request of attributes of the entire branch of the widget, including the embedded elements. For this request the service command "/serv/attrBr" provides. Request of this service command is equivalent to the service command "/serv/attr" and looks as follows: <get path="/UI/VCAEngine/{wdg_addr}/%2fserv%2fattrBr"/>

tm — Time/counter of the changes. Time/counter of the changes set up for the query of the only changed attributes.

Result:

<el id="{attr}" p="{a_id}">{val}</el> — elements with the results of the attributes. In the element are specified: string ID attr of the attribute, index a_id of the attribute and its value val.
<w id="{wid}" lnkPath="{lnk_path}">{childs+attrs}</w> — elements with the child widgets and their attributes. The identifier of the child widget wid and the path to the widget on which the current widget links to, if its is the link lnk_path, are specified in the element.
Access to the pages of the session

In order to unify and optimize the access to the pages the service function of the session "/serv/pg" and commands of the query of the list of open pages <openlist path="/UI/VCAEngine/ses_{Session}/%2fserv%2fpg"/>; of opening the pages <open path="/UI/VCAEngine/ses_{Session}/%2fserv%2fpg"/>; and closing of the pages <close path="/UI/VCAEngine/ses_{Session}/%2fserv%2fpg"/> are provided.


The result of the query is child elements <el>{OpPage}</el> which contain the full path of the open page. In addition to the list of open pages, the query returns the value of the current counter for calculating the session in the attribute tm. If this attribute is set during the query, then for each open page it returns the list of changed, since the moment of the specified value of the counter, widgets of the open page.

Signaling (alarm) management

To provide a mechanism for global control of the signaling of the session the service function of the session "/serv/alarm" and commands of the query of the signals status <get path="/UI/VCAEngine/ses_{Session}/%2fserv%2falarm"/>; and of the quittance <quittance path="/UI/VCAEngine/ses_{Session}/%2fserv%2falarm"/> are provided.


Request for the status of signals returns generalized condition of the signals, as well as additional a notification resource by attribute "mode" sets to "resource". The notification resource request result is typically a sound file, for playback, and at that time it performs monitoring of the sequence of signaling and quittance of individual the notification resources of the messages.


Request for the quittance performs quittance of the specified widget, attribute wdg, in accordance with the template, attribute tmpl.

Manipulation with the sessions of the projects

To provide a unitize mechanism for manipulation of the sessions by the visualizers of VCA in the module of the VCA engine (VCAEngine) are provided the service function "/serv/sess" and the query commands of the list of open sessions, connection/creation of the new session and disconnection/deleting of the session: <list path="/UI/VCAEngine/%2fserv%2fsess"/>, <connect path="/UI/VCAEngine/%2fserv%2fsess"/> and <disconnect path="/UI/VCAEngine/%2fserv%2fsess"/> accordingly.


Table. Attributes of commands of the mechanism of manipulation with sessions

Id Name Value
Command of requesting of a list of open sessions for the project: <list path="/UI/VCAEngine/%2fserv%2fsess"/>
prj Indication of the project Specifies the project for which to return the list of open sessions.
<el>{Session}</el> Control of the sessions' list In the child element the open for the requested project sessions are specified.
The command of the connection/opening of the session: <connect path="/UI/VCAEngine/%2fserv%2fsess"/>
sess Installation and control of the session name If the attribute is defined, then connecting to an existing session is to be made, else — creation of the new session is to be made. In the case of opening of the new session in this attribute its name is is placed.
prj Setting the name of the project It is used to open a new session for indicated project and when the attribute sess is not specified.
The command of disconnection/closing of the session: <disconnect path="/UI/VCAEngine/%2fserv%2fsess"/>
sess Setting the name of the session Specify the name of the session from that it is made the disconnection or closing. Sessions, not the background, and to which none of the visualizers is not connected, are automatically closed.
Group request for the tree of widget libraries

In order to optimize the performance of local and especially network interaction the service function "/serv/wlbBr" and the command of the query of the tree of widget libraries: <get path="/UI/VCAEngine/%2fserv%2fwlbBr"/> are provided. The result of the query is a tree with the elements of the libraries of widgets, tags wlb. Inside the tags of libraries of widgets are included: icon tag ico and the widgets library tags w. The widgets tags, in their turn, contain the icon tag and tags of the child widgets cw.


4.15 Copying elements

To speed up the process of developing of the user visualization and control interfaces it is necessary to provide the copy function of the elements. To provide the support of the various options for copy lets list them:


4.16 Projecting functional features

Here are the features that can provide VCA constructed on the basis of this project: